Managing blood pressure is critical for overall health since both high and low blood pressure can result in major issues such as heart disease, stroke, and kidney difficulties. Cigna Healthcare provides resources and support to help individuals monitor and manage their blood pressure effectively, promoting a healthier lifestyle and reducing the risk of long-term health issues. Proper management includes lifestyle changes, regular check-ups, and, if needed, medication to keep blood pressure within a healthy range.

 

What is blood pressure? 

Blood pressure is the force exerted by circulating blood against the walls of the arteries while the heart contracts. It is essential for transporting oxygen and nutrients to organs and tissues. Maintaining normal blood pressure levels—usually about 120/80 mm Hg—is critical for overall health since imbalances can strain the heart, arteries, and other organs. Regular monitoring detects early changes, enabling prompt therapies to avoid major illnesses such as heart disease and stroke.

 

Understanding hypertension: Causes and types 

Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is a common condition that increases the risk of heart disease, stroke, and other health issues. It can be primary (essential) hypertension, which develops gradually with no clear cause, or secondary hypertension, which results from underlying conditions like kidney disease or hormonal disorders.

 

Causes of high blood pressure

High blood pressure, or hypertension, can be caused by a combination of lifestyle factors, genetics, and underlying health conditions:

Lifestyle factors: Unhealthy habits like a diet high in salt, fat, and cholesterol, lack of physical activity, excessive alcohol consumption, and smoking can contribute to high blood pressure. Chronic stress and insufficient sleep also play a role.

Genetic predisposition: A family history of hypertension increases the likelihood of developing high blood pressure. Certain genetic factors can affect how the body regulates blood pressure.

Underlying conditions: Health conditions like kidney disease, diabetes, thyroid disorders, and sleep apnea can lead to secondary hypertension. Certain medications, such as birth control pills, decongestants, and pain relievers, can also raise blood pressure.

Age and weight: Blood pressure tends to increase with age and being overweight or obese puts extra strain on the heart, raising blood pressure levels.

 

Primary and secondary hypertension

Primary (essential) hypertension develops gradually and has no known origin. It is frequently connected to hereditary factors, aging, and lifestyle decisions such as poor food and inactivity. It is usually treated with lifestyle changes and drugs. Secondary hypertension is caused by underlying diseases such as kidney illness, hormone abnormalities, or the usage of specific drugs. Secondary hypertension treatment focuses on addressing the underlying cause, in addition to standard blood pressure control measures such as medication and lifestyle changes.

 

Recognizing high blood pressure symptoms

High blood pressure, often called the “silent killer,” typically presents no noticeable symptoms until serious health problems occur. However, in some cases, symptoms like headaches, shortness of breath, dizziness, chest pain, or vision changes may arise, especially when blood pressure reaches dangerously high levels. These signs are often mistaken for other conditions, delaying proper diagnosis.

Early identification of high blood pressure is critical for avoiding complications such as heart attacks, strokes, renal damage, and eyesight loss. Regular monitoring and routine check-ups are the most effective approaches to detect hypertension early. Individuals can effectively control high blood pressure by diagnosing it before symptoms develop and taking proactive interventions, such as lifestyle changes and medication. Early intervention dramatically reduces the risk of serious health problems, stressing the value of frequent blood pressure checks.

 

Blood pressure levels: What is normal?

Blood pressure levels are categorized as follows:

Normal: Less than 120/80 mm Hg, indicating healthy blood flow.

Elevated: 120-129/<80 mm Hg, signaling a risk of developing hypertension if lifestyle changes are not made.

Hypertension Stage 1: 130-139/80-89 mm Hg, requiring lifestyle modifications and medication.

Hypertension Stage 2: 140/90 mm Hg or higher, posing a significant health risk and often needing more intensive treatment to prevent heart disease, stroke, and other complications.

 

How to lower blood pressure

Lowering blood pressure involves lifestyle changes and, if needed, medication. Here are some actionable tips:

Diet: Adopt a heart-healthy diet, such as the DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) plan, which emphasizes fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins. Limit salt, processed foods, and excessive sugar intake.

Exercise: Regular physical activity, like brisk walking, cycling, or swimming, for at least 30 minutes most days of the week can help lower blood pressure and improve heart health.

Stress management: T Deep breathing, meditation, yoga, and sticking to a healthy work-life balance can all help to reduce stress, which leads to high blood pressure.

Limit alcohol and quit smoking: Reducing alcohol intake and avoiding smoking can significantly impact blood pressure.

Medication: To assist treat high blood pressure, doctors may give medications such as diuretics, ACE inhibitors, or beta-blockers.

 

When to seek medical attention

Seek medical attention if your blood pressure readings consistently exceed 130/80 mm Hg or if you experience symptoms like severe headaches, chest pain, or difficulty breathing. Regular check-ups are essential, as early diagnosis helps manage blood pressure before complications arise. If diagnosed, follow your health care provider’s advice on lifestyle changes, medication, and routine monitoring. Prompt medical intervention reduces the risk of serious conditions like heart attack, stroke, and kidney disease.

 

Your health partner: Role of Cigna Healthcare in hypertension care

Managing high blood pressure is critical for general health and avoiding dangerous illnesses such as heart disease and stroke. Cigna Healthcare is your devoted partner for hypertension care, providing complete assistance such as individualized health plans, access to experienced health care providers, and lifestyle management resources. Cigna Healthcare helps you manage your blood pressure with regular monitoring, specific treatment options, and guidance, allowing you to live a healthier, more balanced life. Explore our blood pressure management plans.